Business Analyst Journal

The paper explores the behavioural and other aspects of the returnee emigrants who worked for at least one year in any one of the six member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, and Bahrain and Qatar) in the last ten years. The paper is based upon a field survey conducted in nine districts of the Western Uttar Pradesh. Primary focus of the paper is on the decision of the returnee emigrants and their households in terms of remitting money while abroad, return and utilisation of remittance by their family. Apart from that the paper also tries to explore various other issues like financing of the initial cost of migration and occupational choices upon return.

Foreign Direct Investment in Multi Brand Retail has been a contentious issue both for the policy makers and the foreign investors who are willing to invest in India. Various stakeholders are baffled to assess the overall implication of FDI in Multi Brand Retail. The purpose of this phenomenological study is to examine the perceived implications of FDI in Multi Brand Retail in India for various stakeholders. To address the central research question if it makes a sense to open the door for foreign investors in multi brand retailing in India, the authors have adopted an interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology to examine the experiences of the various stakeholders associated with foreign direct investment in multi brand retailing in India. Analysis of 52 significant statements from a series of semi structured interviews revealed that FDI in Multi Brand Retail would lead to a number of economic and social problems in India. However, it was also revealed that FDI in Multi Brand Retail would improve the logistics and infrastructural prospects in both the rural and urban areas in India. People are still skeptic with the issue of employment generation or displacement but majority of the participants feel that some form of employment will be generated as a result of FDI in multi brand retailing. The political and administrative structure shall play a critical role for the reform to be successfully implemented in India. The study is the first of its kind in India and certainly the study would help the scholars from the academia and the policy makers to presuppose their argument on FDI in multi brand retailing in India.

The present study makes an attempt to investigate the impact of India’s macroeconomic variables on the India’s flagship Stock Index: the NSE Nifty. The variables include monthly log transformed prices of the key macro variables viz. money supply, industrial production , rupee –dollar foreign exchange rate, Oil Price and Yield on Government Bonds. For financial variables, closing monthly prices of NSE Nifty, Oil Prices and rupee-dollar foreign exchange rate have been taken into consideration and analysis has carried out for a ten year period April 2008 to March 2018. For other macro variables we have taken closing value of their respective indices. The study employs Dynamic OLS technique of Stock and Watson (1993), a co-integration technique which corrects for simultaneity bias. To correct for the short run dynamics, an error corrective mechanism has also been established parsimoniously. Other tests included in the study are the Augmented Dickey Fuller for detection of unit root of variables and Causality tests between Nifty and each of the macro economic variables under study. The Dynamic OLS was carried out at optimal AIC Lag Identification criteria with maximum limit set at ‘3’ lags and ‘3’ leads. The Dynamic OLS was subject to parsimonious adjustment and the results showed that only three variables, CPI, Forex and Oil were having a co-integrating relation with the dependent variable NSE Nifty Prices. The Parsimonious ECM relation to determine the equilibrium link between short and long run and the results showed that lagged error term was significant and also negative with a figure of 0.51 thereby showing 51 % backward movement towards equilibrium in one period. The unit root diagnostic tests confirmed that time series of all the independent variables was stationary only at 1st difference with only NSE Nifty being stationary at level .

In the Present world of privatisation, liberalization, globalization, and technological advancement every banking sector organisation is employing work force at a very faster rate. So, conflicts has been also been multiplying at a very faster rate. Only optimal level of conflict is very useful for the development of creativity, high problem solving behaviours and productivity. High level of conflict creates dysfunctional impacts upon the organisations. This research paper examines the nature and extent of organisational conflict between public sector and private sector banks selected under study. Further comparative analysis has been done across all banks in order to judge the level and extent of organisational conflict in each bank.

The paper explores the condition of instability of stationary state outcome as predicted by learning literature in defence of Rational Expectation Hypothesis-REH. By using Beauty Contest Parable in Grandmont’s temporary equilibrium framework, it is argued that under very weak and reasonable conditions agents extrapolate away from the stationary state. This result is achieved even while ignoring large deviations of the past - a method conclusively criticised by Grandmont.

The present study is an attempt to examine the price discovery mechanism between the stock one month futures and spot(cash) market index for the NSE Nifty Index. It investigate the lead lag relation between these two set of markets by analyzing daily closing prices data for both NSE Nifty stock index & also NSE Nifty one month futures index for a period Jan 1 , 2016 to March 28 2018 (501 observations). The econometric tools applied include Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test & KPSS test of Stationarity of Variables, Johansen Co-integration test , VAR with Error Correction Mechanism test (after determining the optimal no. of lags) & BG Serial Correlation. The results of the study revealed that the spot and futures prices of NSE Nifty were co-integrated and also had significant error corrective mechanism where the speed of correction was very fast at 93 % per period moving from short run disequilibrium to long run equilibrium. The Granger cause-effect relation was however not observed even in the VAR Model as correction towards equilibrium was arrived at a very short period of time thereby contradicting the viewpoints of researchers that futures lead the spot rates in all major stock markets. The diagnostic tests confirmed that time series of spot and futures market was stationary at 1st difference and also free from serial correlation.

Economists for long have been fixated with the concept of a self-interested rational economic agent. Decision making by them however is not done in isolation from the society and societal culture plays a key role there. This article provides with a review of the existing work that relates culture to macroeconomic issues like growth and development.

The current liquidity fiasco is not anymore, a confidential matter. In view of the same, the current study is an attempt to investigate deeper in order to gain insights of the so-called liquidity crunch on key sectors in India such as Mutual Fund, Microfinance institution, Banking and the Corporate. The analysis indicates towards the grim fundamentals in the upcoming year(s). The silver lining shall be a combination of efforts from the central bank along with a fiscal boost in order to make the desired dent to a shiny future.

It is commonly found in marketing literature, for development of marketing and consumer behaviour theories; a lot of importance has been attributed to an understanding of consumerbrand relationships. This paper makes an attempt to understand this consumer- brand relationship for brand experience and brand loyalty. The basic objective of this paper is to explore whether there are any differences in brand experience and brand loyalty between product and service brands. It presents a detailed analysis of an empirical research conducted on 423 actual consumers. The results show that though brand experience is different between product and service brands, brand loyalty is not.

CSR has been an emergent area of research in the recent past. Most of the scholars, academicians and practitioners have made massive contributions in this field. The reason why IT sector is chosen is because it is uniquely positioned in terms of skills, expertise and facilities that can help benefit society in the long run. The companies that have been chosen are Infosys and Wipro as these are the top two companies that have satisfied the legal requirements in the context of CSR and have stayed profitable throughout. The main purpose of this study is to understand the history, concept and background of CSR in India, analyse the CSR expenditure for the post-mandate period of Infosys and Wipro and analyse the relationship between CSR and firm performance (net profit, operating margin, ROA, ROE and market capitalisation) separately for Infosys and Wipro. Lastly, the motive is to analyse the major CSR domains of the selected two companies and comment on the similarities and differences altogether. The sources of data used in this study are secondary and empirical in nature including annual reports of the selected two companies namely; Infosys and Wipro majorly for the post-mandate period (2014-19). The CSR expenditure and the profitability ratios including return on assets and return on equity has been considered based on the review of literature of CSR and firm performance. A CSR index has been created consisting of ten parameters explained in detail in the findings and analysis section. SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) 23 has been used to analyse the correlation and linear regression between the independent variable (CSR index scores) and profitability measures (net profit, operating margin, ROA, ROE and market capitalisation) separately. The findings suggest that in terms of CSR expenditure Infosys contributed more than 2% towards CSR during the financial years 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19 and Wipro has even gone beyond 2% in the financial years 2015-16, 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19. In terms of CSR and firm performance, it can be observed that there is a negative or weak correlation and no linear relationship between the scores of CSR index and the profitability measures with respect to Infosys and Wipro as well. In terms of CSR domains, as compared to Infosys, the CSR domains that can be added to the Wipro’s CSR activities can be rehabilitation of homeless and orphans and disaster management relief. The domains that can be added in the context of both the companies can be gender equality programs, women safety and dignity, enhancement of vocational skills for women and care and support for the elderly. Women can be focused more upon in terms of safety provision now-a-days.